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AP6015
High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Features
* * * * * * * * * * * High efficiency synchronous step-down converter with greater than 94% 2.5V to 5.5V operating input voltage range Adjustable output voltage range from 0.8V to VIN Fixed output voltage options: 1.8V, 2.5V and 3.3V Up to 800mA output current High efficiency over a wide range of load currents PWM operation mode Internal soft-start function Typical quiescent current of 150A MSOP-10L: Available in "Green" Molding Compound (No Br, Sb) Lead Free Finish/ RoHS Compliant (Note 1)
General Description
The AP6015 is the first device in a family of low-noise synchronous step-down DC-DC converters. It is ideally suited for systems powered by either a 1-cell Li-ion battery or a 2- to 3-cell NiCd/ NiMH/ Alkaline battery. The AP6015 is a synchronous PWM converter with integrated N- and P-channel power MOSFET switches. Compared to the asynchronous topology, synchronous rectification offers the benefits of higher efficiency and reduced component count. The high operating frequency of 1MHz allows small inductor and capacitor to be used. This results in small pcb area. During shut-down, the standby current drops to 1A or less. The AP6015 is available in the 10-pin MSOP package. It operates o o over a free-air temperature range of -40 C to 85 C.
Applications
* * * * * Mobile Handsets PDAs, Ultra Mobile PCs Portable Media Players, Digital Still/Video Cameras USB-based DSL Modems LAN/WLAN/WPAN/WWAN Modules
Ordering Information
AP 6015 - XX M10 G - 13 Voltage Blank : Adj 18 : 1.8V 25 : 2.5V 33 : 3.3V Package M10 : MSOP-10L Lead Free G : Green Packing 13 : Tape & Reel
Device AP6015-XXM10G-13
Notes:
Package Code M10
Packaging (Note 2) MSOP-10L
13" Tape and Reel Quantity Part Number Suffix 2500/Tape & Reel -13
1. EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS). All applicable RoHS exemptions applied, see EU Directive 2002/95/EC Annex Notes. 2. Pad layout as shown on Diodes Inc. suggested pad layout document AP02001, which can be found on our website at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf.
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2
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Pin Assignment
( Top view )
PVCC 1 VCC 2 GND 3 PG 4 FB/Vout 5 10 PGND 9 LX
8 EN 7 NC 6 CC
MSOP-10L
Pin Descriptions
Pin Name PVCC VCC GND PG FB CC NC EN LX PGND Pin NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 O I I NC I I/O I/O I Supply voltage input Supply bypass pin. A 1F coupling capacitor should be connected as close as possible to this pin. Ground Power good comparator output. A pull-up resistor should be connected between PG and VO. Feedback pin for the fixed output voltage option. Compensation pin No connect Enable.Pin, H: Enable. L:shutdown Connect the inductor to this pin. Power ground Description
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Block Diagram
VCC CC CC
SS TS Bias
PG PG
EN CE
UVLO
Open drain
Vref=0.8V
ER-AMP
+
FB FB
PG_COM
+
Current Protection
PVCC
PVCC
+
PWM-COM -
Buffer
LX
BANDGAP
Osc
Vramp
PGND
PGND
GND
Notes:
3. The adjustable output voltage version does not use the internal feedback resistor divider. The FB pin is directly connected to the error amplifier.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Symbol ESD HBM ESD MM PVCC, VCC TJ(MAX) TST TOP Parameter Human Body Model ESD Protection Machine Model ESD Protection Supply Voltage Voltages on pins EN, CC, PG, FB, LX Maximum Junction Temperature Range Storage temperature range Operating Junction Temperature Range Rating 2.5 300 -0.3 to +5.5 -0.3 to VIN +0.3 +150 -65 to +150 -40 to +125 Unit KV V V V o C o C o C
Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods ma affect device reliability.
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Recommended Operating Conditions
Symbol TA VIN VO L Ci Co
Notes:
(TA :-40~85C)
Parameter Operating Ambient Temperature Range Supply Voltage Output voltage range for adjustable output voltage version Inductor (see Note 4) Input capacitor (see Note 4) Output capacitor (see Note 4) VO 1.8V
Rating -40 to +85 2.0 to 5.5 0.8 to VI 3.3 10 10
Unit o C V V H F F
4. Refer to application section for further information.
Electrical Characteristics
(TA =25C)
Over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VI=3.6V, VO=2.5V, IO=300mA, EN=VIN. (unless otherwise noted)
Symbol Supply current
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ.
Max
Unit
-20 to 85 oC VIN Input Voltage range -40 to 85 C Iccq ISTBY Enable VIH VIL IL V(UVLO) EN high-level input voltage EN low-level input voltage EN input leakage current Under-voltage-lockout-threshold Operating quiescent current Standby current
o
IO= 0mA to 800mA IO= 0mA to 500mA IO= 0mA to 600mA IO= 0mA to 400mA IO= 0mA EN= GND
2.5 2 2.5 2 -
-
5.5 5.5 5.5 V
150 0.1
1 A A
VIN 3V VIN> 3V
1.5 2.5 -
0.01 1.6
0.7 0.1 1.95
V V A V
EN= GND or VIN
1.2
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Electrical Characteristics
(Continued)
Over recommended operating free-air temperature range, VI=3.6V, VO=2.5V, IO=300 mA, EN=VIN. (unless otherwise noted)
Symbol Parameter Power switch and current limit P-channel MOSFET on-resistance
Conditions
Min 200 200 1200 88% VO -
Typ. 280 480 280 500 -
Max 410 1 410 1 1600
Unit m A m A mA
VI=VGS=3.6V; I=200mA VI=VGS=2V; I=200mA P-channel leakage current VDS=5.5V RDS(on) VI=VGS=3.6V; IO=200mA N-channel MOSFET on-resistance VI=VGS=2V; IO=200mA N-channel leakage current VDS=5.5V I(LIM) P-channel current limit 2.5VVI5.5V Power good output (see Note 5) V(PG) VOL ILKG Power good threshold Power good hysteresis PG output low voltage PG output leakage current Minimum supply voltage for valid power good signal V(FB)=0.8xVO nominal; I(sink)=10A V(FB)=VO nominal Feedback voltage falling
92% 94% VO VO 2.5% VO 0.01 0.3 1 1200 5.5 0.816 4% 3% 4% 3% 4% 3%
V V A V KHz V V
1.2 800 0.8 0.784 VI=2.5V to 5.5V; 0mA IO 800mA 10mA IO 800mA VI=2.7V to 5.5V; 0mA IO 800mA 10mA IO 800mA VI=3.6V to 5.5V; 0mA IO 800mA 10mA IO 800mA VI= VO 0.5V (min.2V) to 6.0V; IO=10mA VI=5.0V; IO=10mA to 800mA VI=5V; VO=3.3V; IO=300mA VI=3.6V; VO=2.5V; IO=200mA IO=0mA, time from active EN to VO MSOP-10L (Note 7) MSOP-10L (Note 7) 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3%
1000
Oscillator FS Oscillator frequency Output VO Adjustable output voltage range VREF Reference voltage AP6015-Adj AP6015-1.8V VO Fixed output voltage (see Note 6)
0.8 0.3 0.8 94
AP6015-2.5V
V
AP6015-3.3V Line regulation Load regulation Efficiency Start-up time JA JC
Notes:
%/V % % 4
o
0.4
1 161 39
ms C/W C/W
Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Case
o
5. Power good is not valid for the first 100s after EN goes high. Please refer to the application section for more information. 6. The output voltage accuracy includes line and load regulation over the full temperature range. 7. Test condition for MSOP-10L: Device mounted on 2oz copper, minimum recommended pad layout on top & bottom layer with thermal vias, double sided FR-4 PCB
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Typical Application Circuit
For best transient response we suggest that RCC, CCC and L1 values as below. CCC L1-WURTH RCC VIN < 3.0V, VOUT < 2.5V 200K 33PF 1.8H 68K 100PF 1.8H VIN 3.0V, VOUT < 2.5V 82K 100PF 3.3H VIN 3.0V, VOUT 2.5V (1) ADJ Output
VI 3.0 V to 5.5 V 1
100 Ohm
C1, C2 (MLCC) 10F 10F 10F
PVCC VCC
LX FB PG
9 5 4
L1 VO 2.5 V/800 mA
R3 680K
2
8 C1 10F C3 1F
AP6015
EN
R1 C2 10F R2
Power Good
GND 3
PGND 10 CC 6 Rcc C CC 100pF
R2: Suggest to be 39K~100K because of stability reasons.
VO = VREF x (1 +
R1 ) R2
Typical Application Circuit for Adjustable Output Voltage Option
(2) FIXED Output
Typical Application VI 5 V 1 PVCC
100 Ohm
LX FB PG
9 5 4
L1
VO 1.8/ 2.5/ 3.3V/ 800mA
2 C1 10uF C3 1uF 8
VCC AP6015 EN
R3 680K Power Good
C2 10uF
GND 3
PGND 10 CC 6 Rcc CCC 100pF
Standard 5 V to 1.8/ 2.5/ 3.3V/ 800mA Conversion; High Efficiency
AP6015 Rev.
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Typical Operating Characteristics
Input Voltage vs. Supply Current 250 250
Supply Current vs. Tem perature (Vcc=3.6V Vout=2.5V)
200 Supply Current (uA) Supply Current (uA)
Vout=0.8V Vout=1.8V
200
150
150
100
100
50
50
0 2 2.5 3 3.6 4 4.5 5 5.5 Input Voltage (V)
0 -40
-25
0 25 Tem perature ( )
50
85
Figure 1
Stand-by Current vs. Input Voltage 0.1
Figure 2
Stand-by Current vs. Tem perature (Vcc=3.6V)
1.2 1
Stand-by Current (uA) 2 2.5 3 3.6 4 4.5 5 5.5
Stand-by Current (uA)
0.08
0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -40 -25 0 25 50 85
0.06
0.04
0.02
0 Input Voltage (V)
Tem perature ()
Figure 3
Figure 4
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Continued)
Line Regulation (Vout=2.5V Iout=10m A) 2.55 2.54 2.53 2.55 2.54 2.53 Output Voltage (V) 2.52 2.51 2.5 2.49 2.48 2.47 2.46 2.45 3.6 4 4.5 5 5.5 10 100
Load Regulation (Vcc=5.0V Vout=2.5V)
Output Voltage (V)
2.52 2.51 2.5 2.49 2.48 2.47 2.46 2.45 3.0V
Input Voltage (V)
200 400 600 Output Current (m A)
800
Figure 5
Frequency vs. Tem perature (Vcc=3.6V Vout=2.5V) 1050 1000 1.8
Figure 6
UVLO vs. Tem perature
1.72
Frequency (KHz)
950 900 850 800 750 -40 1.48 UVLO (V) 1.64
1.56
-25
0
25
50
85
1.4 -40
-25
0
25
50
85
Temperature ()
Tem perature ()
Figure 7
Figure 8
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Continued)
Efficiency vs. Load Current (Vcc=3.6V Vout=1.8V)
Efficiency vs. Load Current (Vcc=3.6V Vout=2.5V) 100 90 80 Efficiency (%) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
100 90 80 Efficiency (%) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Load Current (mA)
0
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Load Current (m A)
Figure 9
Efficiency vs. Load Current (Vcc=5.0V Vout=2.5V) 100 90 80 100 90 80
Figure 10
Efficiency vs. Load Current (Vcc=5.0V Vout=3.3V)
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Load Current (m A)
Efficiency (%)
Efficiency (%)
70
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Load Current (mA)
Figure 11
Figure 12
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Continued)
Dropout Voltage vs. Load Current (Vout=2.5V)
400 350 400 350
Dropout Voltage vs. Load Current (Vout=3.3V)
Dropout Voltage (mV)
300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Dropout Voltage (mV)
300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Load Current (mA)
Load Current (mA)
Figure 13 Output Ripple
Figure 14 Output Ripple
Figure 15
Figure 16
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Typical Operating Characteristics
Load Transient Response
(Continued)
Load Transient Response
Figure 17 Load Transient Response
Figure 18 Load Transient Response
Figure 19
Figure 20
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Application Information
Enable (EN) When EN is on logic low, the AP6015 goes into shutdown mode. In shutdown, all other functions are turned off. The supply current is reduced to 1uA (Typ.).
Soft Start As the enable pin goes high, the soft-start function generates an internal voltage ramp. This causes the start-up current to slowly raise preventing output voltage overshoot and high inrush currents. The soft-start duration is typical 1mSec. AP6015 START-UP TIME
Under Voltage Lock Out (UVLO) The UVLO prevents the converter from turning on when the voltage on VCC is less than typically 1.6V.
3.6V Vcc 1.6V UVLO 0V
2.5V Vout 0V
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AP6015
High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Application Information
Power Good (PG)
(Continued)
The PG comparator has an open drain output capable of sinking typically 10mA. The PG is only active when the AP6015 is enable (EN=high). When the AP6015 is disable (EN=low), the PG pin is high impedance. If the PG pin is connected to the output of the AP6015 with a pull-up resistor, no initial spike occurs and precautions have to be taken during start-up. The PG pin becomes active high when the output voltage exceeds typically 92% of its nominal value. Leave the PG pin unconnected when not used.
PG Sink Current vs. ExteranI Voltage
25
PG Sink Current (mA)
20
15
10
5
0 2 2.5 3 3.6 4 4.5 5 5.5
External Voltage (V)
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Application Information
(Continued)
Inductor Selection In order to avoid saturation of the inductor, the inductor should be rated at least for the maximum output current plus the inductor ripple current which is calculated as:
VO ) VCC I L = VO x Lx f 1- (
I L ( MAX ) = I O ( MAX ) +
I L 2
Where: f= Switching frequency (1MHz typical) L = Inductor value IL = Peak-to-peak inductor ripple current IL(max) = Maximum inductor current Vcc=3.6V Vout=2.5V f=1MHz L=3.3uH IL230mA Vcc=3.6V Vout=2.5V f=1MHz L=1.8uH IL360mA
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Application Information
(Continued)
Input Capacitor Selection Though there is no special requirement for the ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) of the input capacitor, due attention should be paid to the tolerance and temperature coefficient of the capacitor used. A 10uF or larger capacitance is required between the PVCC and the GND pins. The input capacitor should be placed as close as possible to the PVCC pin in order to achieve good overall system performance. Output Capacitor Selection Ripple at the voltage output pin is caused by the charge-and-discharge of the output capacitor. For the best performance, a low ESR output capacitor should be used. The equation below demonstrates how the size of the ripple can be calculated.
VO ) VCC 1 1 VO = VO x x( + ESR) = I L x ( + ESR) 8 x CO x f 8 x CO x f Lx f 1- (
Where: Vo= Output voltage ripple L = Inductor value f = Switching frequency (1MHz typical) IL = Peak-to-peak inductor ripple current
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Application Information
(Continued)
Layout Considerations A good board layout practice can significantly improve the stability of the application circuit and reduce the system noise. The feedback path must be as short as possible. The input capacitor and bypass capacitor must be placed close to the PVCC and the VCC pins for optimal performance. It is recommended that the ground planes for System Ground / Power Ground / Analog Ground are isolated from each others, while they should all be joined together at a common point. An example drawing of a circuit with good ground noise performance is shown below.
VI 1
100 Ohm
PVCC VCC
LX
9
L1
VO
R3 680K
2
FB 5 PG 4
C1 10F
C3 1F
8 EN 10
AP6015
R1 Power Good C2 10 uF R2 Rcc C CC 100 pF
PGND GND CC 3 6
The external inductor must be placed as close as possible to the switching node, i.e. the LX pin. The copper traces on the pcb, where high peak switching current may flow through, should be kept `wide' and `short'. This results in low inductance and capacitance in the current path, hence ground shift problem is avoided and system stability stay within bound.
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2
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
Marking Information
( Top View )
10
9
8
7
6 A~Z : Green Month : A~L=01~12 Year : "7" = 2007 "8" = 2008
Logo Part Number XX : 18 for 1.8V 25 for 2.5V 33 for 3.3V Blank for ADJ
YMX
6015XX
1 2 3 4 5
~
MSOP-10L
Package Information
(1) Package type: MSOP-10L
(All Dimensions in mm)
1
2.95/3.05
10x-0.30 4.8/5.0 4.4 8x-0.50 10x-1.4 1 Land Pattern Recommendation (Unit:mm) Seting plane
1 0.75/0.95 1.10Max. 0.05/0.15 0.5Typ.
C
0.17/0.27 0.1/0.2 2.95/3.05
0.25
0.10
C
"A" Gauge plane
0/8
0.4/0.7
DETAIL "A"
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High Efficiency Step-Down Low Power DC-DC Converter
IMPORTANT NOTICE Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to any product herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights, nor the rights of others. The user of products in such applications shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold Diodes Incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on our website, harmless against all damages. LIFE SUPPORT Diodes Incorporated products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the expressed written approval of the President of Diodes Incorporated.
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